C#.net Data Types

C# .Net Data Types

Data type Type of data Data type specifies the size of the data and type of data. C#.net data type is divided into two types

Value Type Int  i = 0 I 10  (7000) C language  C#

Reference Type  Int * p = i p 7000  (9000)   Stack                       Heap 90%                            10% 10%                        90%  

Value Type

The value type will be created at compile-time and these will be started in STACK memory. Value types hold the data directly No default value for value type GC (Garbage collector) cannot access stack memory. that is GC can not clear stack run time Examples

Pre-defined data types

Structures

Enum’s (Enumerator)

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Reference Type

Reference Type will be created at run time and these will be stored in HEAP memory. Reference Type holds the reference but not the data. The reference Type holds the default value. GC can access HEAP memory. Examples:-

Classes

Object

Arrays

Interface

Delegates

Var (newly introduced)

Etc……………

Working with Predefined Data types 

These are divided into 4 groups

Group 1:- Integral Data type

.byte 1 byte              0 255

.S byte 1 byte             -128 to +127

.Short 2 bytes              -32768  to +32768

.U short    2 bytes                 0 – 65535

Int  4 bytes                          ~ +- 214 cores

U int 4bytes            0 -~ 429 cores

Long 8 bytes                    + 2^63

U Long   8 bytes     0 – 2 ^ 64 -1

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Group 2:- Floating Related Data Types

*float 4 B

*double 8 B

*decimal 16 B

Group 3:- character Related Data types

 .char 2 B:  char holds UNICODE  (universal coding) characters that are required for globalization.

.String 16 B : 4 GB

Group 4 :- other Data type

.bool 1 B  true/ false

.Data time  12 B

1/1/0001  to 31/12/9999  

Syntax to declare a variable

<Data type>  var  name = value;  

Note:- In C# .net always variable name need to be started either with alphabet, underscore, @ symbol

Obs :-

Int a =90;

Int – a = 90;

Int @a = 90;

Int *a = 90;

Int 2a = 90;

Int if  = 90;

Example on Data Types

Open console Application project.

Write the following code in the main method.

Int  I = 90;

Console. Write Line (i);

Float x = 4.0 f Console. Write Line (x);

Byte b1 = 10, b2 = 20;

Int c = b1 + b2;

Console. Write Line (c);

Console. Write Line ();

Execute the project :(f5)

Observations

value types must be initialized before using

float X = 4.0 gives an error

Reason

By default 4.0  will be treated as double;

Solution: -  

float x = 4. 0 F  (or) float  X = 4. 0f;

A number, which is post fixed with f @ F is called as float.

A number, which is post fixed with d @ D is called as double.

A number, which is postfixed with m@ M is called decimal.

Byte c = b1 + b2, gives an error + operator returns the result in the format of int.